IJSTR

International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research

Home Contact Us
ARCHIVES
ISSN 2277-8616











 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

IJSTR >> Volume 3- Issue 5, May 2014 Edition



International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research  
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research

Website: http://www.ijstr.org

ISSN 2277-8616



Post-Attachment Herbicide Treatment For Controlling Field Dodder (Cuscuta Campestris Yuncker) Parasitizing Onion In Gezira State, Sudan

[Full Text]

 

AUTHOR(S)

Mohamed S.Zaroug, Eldur A. B. Zahran, Abbasher A. Abbasher, Eltahir A. Abed Aliem

 

KEYWORDS

Key words: post-attachment, stomp, glyphosate, bulb fresh weight

 

ABSTRACT

Abstract:Field dodder (Cuscuta Campestris) is an annual obligate stem parasite that attaches itself to a variety of host plants, and is totally dependent on its host plant for assimilating nutrients and water supply. The economic importance of the parasite is due to the fact that it poses a threat to some vegetable crops grown in Gezira State such as onions, tomatoes, jews mallow, and salad rocketand reduces their yield substantially. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of post-attachment application of 3 herbicides namely glyphosate, goal and stomp in controlling field dodder parasitizing onion, and to determine their impact on crop yield. The experiments were conducted in 2 locations: in the 1stseasonthe experiment was conducted in a farmer´s field in Alsharafa area, the field was sown in local red onion that was severely infected with field dodder. In the 2nd season the experiment was conducted at the demonstration farm of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design with 3 replications. Post-attachment application of stomp at (0.36 kg a.i. feddan-1), goal at (0.1 kg a.i. feddan-1), and glyphosate at (1% v/v) controlled field dodder by 86%-100%, 76%-85%, and 51%-62%, respectively. Dodder treated with stomp exhibited phyllody, stem thickness and it prevented haustorial attachment, and inhibited seed production. During the 2 seasons onion bulb fresh weight, bulb diameterand total soluble solids of herbicides treated dodder-infected onion were significantly increased by (168%-336%), (116%-154%), and (73%-143%), respectively as compared to untreatedcontrol. In conclusion the herbicide treatments controlled field dodder after its establishment which is very important in reducing seed production and stops the parasite spread. Stomp could be recommended for field dodder control as post-attachment application.

 

REFERENCES

Hock, S. M.; Wiecko, G. and Knezevic, S. Z. 2008. Glyphosate affected control of field dodder (Cuscutacampestris) in tropics. Weed Technology 22(1): 151-155.

[2]. Abdalla,A. H., and M. A. Siddig. 1993. A note on the effect of dodder on growth and yield of roselle. University of Khartoum Journal of Agricultural Science vol. 1 (2): 144-147.

[3]. Bebawi, F. F. 1991. A Review of Plants of Northern Sudan. Deutsche & Deutsche Gesellschaft fur. FRG.

[4]. Bewick, T. A., L. K. Binning and M. N. Dana. 1988. Post-attachment control of swamp dodder (Cuscutagronovii) in cranberry (Vacciniummacrocarpon) and carrot (Daucuscarota). WeedTechnol. 2:166-169.

[5]. Bewick, T. A., L. K. Binning and N. E. Balke. 1991. Absorption and translocation of glyphosate by carrot infected by swamp dodder. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 116:1035-1039.

[6]. Cudney, D. W., S. B. Orloff, and J. S. Reints. 1992. An integrated weed management for the control of dodder (Cuscutaindecora) in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Weed Technol. 6:603–606.

[7]. Cudney, D.W. and W.T. Lanini. 2000. Dodder. p. 376-379. In: Encyclopedia of Plant Pathology – Volume I. O.C. Maloy and T.D. Murray (eds.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc., NY.

[8]. Dawson, J. H. 1984. Control of Cuscutain alfalfa - a review. p. 188-199. In: Proc. 3rd Internat. Sym. Parasitic Weeds, Allepo, Syria.

[9]. Dawson, J. H. 1987. Cuscuta(Convolvulaceae) and its control. p. 137-149. In: Proc. 4th Internat. Sym. Parasitic Flowering Plants, Marburg, Germany.

[10]. Dawson, J. H. 1989a. Dodder (Cuscutaspp.) control in established alfalfa (Medicago sativa) with glyphosate and SC-0224. Weed Technol. 3:552-559.

[11]. Dawson, J. H. 1989b. Established forage alfalfa (Medicago sativa) tolerates glyphosate and SC-0224 applied to control dodder (Cuscutaspp.). Weed Technol. 3:560-565.

[12]. Dawson, J. H., Musselman, L. J., olswinkel, P. and Dorr, I. 1994. Biology and control of Cuscuta. Rev. Weed Sci. 1994. 6: 265-317.

[13]. Fer, A. 1984. Physiological approach to the chemical control of Cuscuta: Experiments with 14C-labelled herbicides. 3rd Internat. Sym. Parasitic Weeds, Allepo, Syria. p. 164-174.

[14]. Frolisek, M. 1987. Results of our studies on dodder (Cuscuta spp.) control in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) in Czechoslovakia. Proc. 4th Internat. Sym. Parasitic Flowering Plants, Marburg.

[15]. Gimesi, A. 1966. Selective control of dodder (Cuscutaspp.) in clover and lucerne. Weed Res. 6:81-82.

[16]. Goldwasser, V., Sazo M. R., Lanini, T. 2012. Control of field dodder (Cuscutacampestris) parasitizing tomato with ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Weed Technology 26(4):740-746.

[17]. Holm, L., J. Doll, E. Holm, J. Panch, and J. Herberger. 1997. World Weeds: Natural Histories and Distribution. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 1129 p.

[18]. Lanini, W. T. and M. Kogan. 2005. Biology and management of Cuscuta in crops. Ciencia e InvestigaciónAgraria 32:127–141.

[19]. Liu, Z. Q. and A. Fer. 1990. Influence d'un parasite (CuscutalupuliformisKrock.) sur la redistribution de deux herbicides systemiques appliques suruneLegumineuse (PhaseolusaureusRoxb.). C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris. 311:333-339.

[20]. Liu, Z. Q., A. Fer and F. M. Lecocq. 1991. L'imazaquine: un herbicide prometteur pour la lutte curative contre la cuscute (Cuscutaspp.) dans les cultures de soja (Glycine max). Weed Res. 31:33-40.

[21]. Mishra J. S. 2009. Biology and Management of Cuscuta species. Indian Journal of Weed Science vol. 41: 1-11.

[22]. Nadler-Hassar, T. and B. Rubin. 2003. Natural tolerance of Cuscutacampestristo herbicides inhibiting amino acid biosynthesis. Weed Res. 43(5):341-347.

[23]. Nir, E., B. Rubin and S. W. Zharasov. 1996. On the biology and selective control of field dodder (Cuscutacampestris). p. 809-816. In: M.T. Moreno, J.I. Cuberu, D. Berner, D. Joel, L.J. Musselman, and C. Parker (eds.). Advances in Parasitic Plant Research.

[24]. Orloff, S. B. and D. W. Cudney. 1987. Control of dodder in alfalfa with dinitroaniline herbicides. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 40:98-103.

[25]. Parker, C. 1991. Protection of crops against parasitic weeds. Crop Prot. 10:6-22.

[26]. Parker, C. and C.R. Riches. 1993. Parasitic weeds of the world: biology and control. CAB International, Wallingford, UK. 304 pp.

[27]. Zaroug, M. S., A. A. Abbasher, E. B. Zahran and E. A. Abdelaleem. 2010. Occurrence of field dodder (CuscutacampestrisYuncker) on onion fields in the Gezira Scheme. Gezira j. of agric. Sci. 8(1):141-147.