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Food Allergy In Children: Symptoms, Diagnosis And Research
[Full Text]
AUTHOR(S)
Abdellatief A. Sulieman, Hayat A. Hassan, Hui-Ming Zhou
KEYWORDS
Food allergy, allergens, diagnosis, symptoms, children, celiac disease, immunoassays.
ABSTRACT
Food allergy is a major health issue for the human body in industrialized countries and has increased significantly in the past decade. Food intolerance must be distinguished from food allergies and, furthermore, these allergies should be classified into either immunoglobulin E (IgE), Non-IgE, or a mixed response. The clinical attributes vary from life-threatening anaphylaxis to milder IgE-mediated responses, atopic dermatitis, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Milk, soybean, egg, wheat, and peanut allergies are common in children, whereas peanut, tree nuts, fish, and shellfish allergies are common in adults. The digestive allergies, skin allergies, and respiratory allergies are the most common allergies among children. Diagnostic work up must be guided by the clinical history, and consumption of fortified gluten-free bakery products instead of wheat products is necessary for celiac disease (CD) patients. Most current allergen detection methods are immunoassays, such as ELISA. Skin testing and food-specific IgE done by standard methods are very useful. Combination of skin prick test and patch test is useful tool for the diagnosis of food hypersensitivity in children with atopic dermatitis.
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