International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research

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Volume 7 - Issue 3, March 2018 Edition

All listed papers are published after full consent of respective author or co-author(s).
For any discussion on research subject or research matter, the reader should directly contact to undersigned authors.

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Raouia MANSEUR

This paper investigates academic supervision that is pivotal for the development of academic research and the evolution of higher studies. One of the main difficult challenges that teachers encounter is supervising their candidates. This process requires a lot of patience, hard work and perseverance. Similarly, the fact of being supervised students creates a lot of pressure on the part of the supervisees in which they should prove themselves as researchers who deserve a particular academic qualification. Although the academic virtues of supervision imply guiding the supervisees, helping them to locate data that is relevant to their topic and improving the quality of their work, there may exist several problems and sensitivities between the supervisor and supervisee. This study aims at identifying the factors, which contribute to the low-quality of the academic works, such as dissertations and theses. In order to investigate the issue, questionnaires were administered to 83 participants, namely 30 teachers (supervisors), 3 Doctorate candidates and 50 Master 2 students involved in different specialties at Mohamed Kheider University of Biskra in Algeria. Through these questionnaires, it was attempted to diagnose some of the factors behind the difficulties encountered in the supervision process and the reasons that lead to problems in the supervisory relationship. The latter revealed that the supervisees’ deficiency and supervisors’ inefficient supervisory skills are the main inducements for the failure of the supervisory process, which may influence in many cases the quality of the student’s graduation work.

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Md. Raihan Nabi, Md. Shahadat Hossain, Sukumar Saha, Jahangir Alam, Md. Giasuddin

The study was planned to carry out the molecular epidemiology of PPR. The data (n=143) were collected from two village goat and a market of Shibgonj, Bogra, Bangladesh and nasal swabs (n=72) were collected from clinically suspected goats from twelve Veterinary Hospitals of seven districts during July-October 2012. The virus was detected by RT-PCR technique in which PPRV: F1b & F2d; NP3 & NP4 primers were used to detect and F gene of three isolates (Named PPRV/BD/Rajshahi-1/2012, PPRV/BD/Rajshahi-2/2012 and PPRV/BD/Bogra/2012) were sequenced and phylogenetic analyses were performed. The survey resulted that the overall morbidity and mortality were 19.79 and 11.51 % respectively in the post outbreak period as well as the molecular study confirmed that 33.33 % samples were diagnosed as positive and this can be interpreted as, the goat were suffering from high fever with or without diarrhea still incubating the disease, the highest morbidity and mortality were found in male goats and in goats of age between 4-12 months. The N gene was revealed 100% confirmatory diagnosis in comparison with F. The findings of the nucleotide sequences of F gene fragments revealed that each of the isolates belonged to Lineage IV and most closely related to the others obtained from Gene Bank. PPRV/BD/Bogra/2012 has 100% homology in terms of partial sequence, 289bp of F gene with the viruses- Narayangonj/2009(Ac.No.JX094440), Dhaka/2009(Ac.No.JX094438) and BAU/Mymensingh/2010 (Ac.No.JX094436).

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7-12  



Binaee Yaseen Raof

Vernacular design strategies can be identified and adapted to improve the energy performance of modern architecture in Kurdistan. This paper focus on some passive cooling strategies that were used in hot climate to reduce the use of energy for cooling, and enhancing a green architecture. Furthermore, the main purpose is adapting architecture to the climate environment through modernization passive ventilation solutions for building, trying to achieve this goal by analyzing some of the traditional natural ventilation strategies. Moreover, improving the effect of using natural ventilation on reducing cooling load through utilizing the vernacular principles for cooling. In addition, showing some examples of using the vernacular ventilation strategies that are common in Kurdistan in the modern buildings and on the city level explain the possibility to adapt them by application of some design elements and high technology devices. Finally, showing the effectiveness and applicability of these strategies in the future and sustainable building in Kurdistan.

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Ogungbemi, Oluwaseun S., Amigun, John O. and Olayanju, Gbenga M.

An integrated approach which involve interpretation of Landsat ETM+, aero-magnetic and aero-radiometric data was undertaken over the eastern flank of Ilesa-Ijesha schist-belt, Nigeria, with an objective of delineating structural and lithological features that favour mineral deposition within the study area. The analysis of Landsat ETM+ data revealed four distinct lineament trending NNE – SSW, NNW – SSE, NWW – SEE and NE – SW. The lineaments density ranges between 0 and 2.67 m-2; higher over and around lithological contacts and areas underlain by felsic rocks. The application of analytic signal, tilt derivative and 3D-euler filters on aeromagnetic data allow identification of series of anomalies suspected to be lithological contacts, alteration zones, magnetic source anomalies and overall basement characteristics. The primary trend of structural features producing magnetic anomalies is generally NE – SW, which corroborate the Landsat ETM+ result. The analysis of radiometric datasets revealed geochemical information on potassium (K), thorium (Th) and uranium (U) concentrations, and results obtained was used to identify impacts from alteration and rock contacts and define bedrock lithology within the study area. The ternary-image generated form radiometric data interpretation show distribution of the radiometric intensity which correlated well with geological structures and lithology in the area.

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Mukhtar Abdel Aziz Mohamed , Ashwag Ahmed Mohammed, Amal Abdel Haleem Nasur

A weed survey was carried out in seven hamlets in Dongola area namely:, Eldoum Elawazma, El Selaim basin, Elatroona, Irtidi, Elmasakeen, Kawa and Agja during the winter season of 2015/2016 to determine the most common and prevalent weed species associated with garlic (Allium sativum L.) and onion (Allium cepa L.). For each crop, a stratified random sampling procedure was adopted, whereby, each hamlet was divided into fields of which 10 were randomly selected. Number of individual weed species was determined in 10 quadrates each 1 m2. The field density, field frequency, field uniformity, relative field density, relative field frequency, relative field uniformity and relative abundance of the species were determined. Data revealed the presence of 26 species of annual and perennial weeds belonging to 15 families in garlic and 28 species belonging to 15 families in onion. The highest number of species occurred in Elmasakeen and Irtidi hamlets whilst the lowest was recorded in Kawa hamlet in both crops. In all parameters measured, the dominant weed species prevailed at higher values in garlic than in onion. Sinapis arvensis, Cynodon dactylon, Malva palviflora, Convolvulus arvensis, Chenopodium album and Sorghum arundinaceum displayed the highest relative abundance in both crops. Trigonella hamosa also occurred at high relative abundance in onion. Species with moderate relative abundance in garlic included Cyperus rotundus, T. hamosa, Eruca sativa, Chenopodium murale and Sinapis alba. Whilst C. murale, Datura stramonium, Gynandropsis gynandra, E. sativa, Sonchus oleraceus and Amaranthus graecizans were moderately abundant in onion. The other species occurred in few hamlets and exhibited low to very low relative abundance in both crops.

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Tri Yuni Hendrawati, Agung Siswahyu, Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan

Bioavtur plays an important role in the development of world energy security because most of the aviation demand has not been fully met from fossil energy production. The development of Bioavtur itself is still hampered by the fulfillment of the aircraft's very strict fuel technical qualifications. The use of Bioavtur in the CO2 gas recycling cycle, the reduction of exhaust emissions can be generated not only from physical properties and production processes alone using the process of HEFA, ATJ and FT, where Bioavtur does not contain sulfur but CO2 generated from combustion can also be absorbed by Plants that produce raw materials for Bioavtur. Methodology used secondary and primary data collection to obtain economic simulation. To generate and achieve goals in this activity, of course require data. The types of data used in this study are primary and secondary data. Stages of data collection / survey in this study include data collection both qualitative and quantitative to aspects related to economic simulation by calculating NPV, IRR, ROI, B / C ratio and PBP. Calculation of economic simulation with first scenario with BAU scenario (Business as Usual), this scenario contains the calculation condition for raw material price and product selling value adjusted to current market price condition. The second scenario is made so that this study can produce the economic quantity that feasibility. Especially for this second scenario will be adjusted to the price of raw materials in order to provide a decent economic value. The result of analysis with BAU scenario with raw material price of CPO $ 688.5 / Ton and product selling price as shown in table 2. Generating an unfeasible economic quantity, this is indicated by the value of NPV $. -245.108.330, the value of the ratio B / C -13.55, this is because the value of production costs is higher than the value of sales of its products. The value of production costs because the price of CPO is higher than the selling value of products, especially bioavtur as the main product. After analyzing the sensitivity on CPO price of $ 531.29 / Ton with 3% price increase, the price of CPO becomes $ 547.23 / Ton. The results of economic analysis with such conditions indicate that the parameters of NPV, IRR, B / C and PBP have improper values. This means that this investment is very sensitive to rising raw materials.

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Hegazy Zaher , H. A. Khalifa , Soha Mohamed

Nowadays Multi Criteria becomes a basic tool in Decision Making. Several methods are developed in both certainty and uncertainty domains to facilitate the decision making process. This study presents three different Multi Criteria Decision Making Methods based on rough interval with subjective and objective weights to raise the accuracy of the rating values. The proposed methods are tested against some known methods in the literature. The obtained results show the competence of the proposed techniques.

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Dalynes Reyes-Colon, Gilberto Crespo-Perez

Anatomy, the study of tissues, organs and systems in the body, is an essential component in the curricula of many health professions. Due to curricular design, complexity of the learning material, and time devoted to teaching, anatomy learning could be compromised. Anatomy instructors and educational institutions must look for ways to complement anatomy teaching in order to better prepare students for what they will find at both, the graduate level and the work environment. In this review, we compared multiple approaches for anatomy teaching, and blended learning appears to give better results for contents comprehension, retention, and academic development.

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I Wayan Restu, I Ketut Wija Negara

Potential soft-shalled turtle (Amyda cartilaginea) in the region Bali are still quite plentiful, which was captured as many as 108 soft-shalled turtles with very high variations in size from the size of the biomass weight of 80 grams to the jumbo size with 21,400 grams (21.4 kg) of weight. There were caught 23 biomass in Denpasar ranging from 175-5,800 grams with carapace length ranging from 11.4- 38.0 cm, and carapace width ranged from 9.1 to 31.0 cm. There were caught 27 biomass in Badung ranging from 85-3,900 grams. Morphometric measurement includes total carapace length ranged from 9.4 to 34.2 cm and total carapace width ranged from 7.8 to 28.0 cm. There were caught 21 biomass in Gianyar District weighed 125-5,750 grams. There were caught 21 biomass in Tabanan District weighed 200-21,400 grams. Morphometric measurement of soft-shalled turtle includes total carapace length 11.1-60.3 cm and carapace width 9.6-46.0 cm, with a negative allometric growth model for relations between total carapace length with weight and between carapace width and weight. There were caught 16 biomass in Klungkung ranging from 140-4,250 grams. Morphometric description includes carapace length (PC) ranged from 10.5- 37.8 cm, carapace width (LC) ranged from 8.4 to 30.6 cm, plastron length (PP) ranged from 7.4 to 27.3 cm, plastron width (LP) between 9.3 to 31.2 cm and total length of ventral (PTV) between 11.4 to 39.0 cm. Distribution (dispersion) of soft-shalled turtle (Amyda cartilaginea) resource is uneven on some fishing ground. GIS analysis result showed that centralization happened only on some areas, especially in Klungkung District, soft-shalled turtles were dominantly caught in the upstream of Tukad/Yeh Jinah river (Selisihan, Mangduang, Aan and Penasan), and In Denpasar, it was concentrated in the area of Kedue, Penatih, Muding Padang Sambian and Medui area

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Said Ally

Advancement use of open source based type 1 hypervisors has transformed the way adopters manage their computing resources, lower IT operational costs and improved performance and flexibility. Use of open source virtualizations provides valuable IT solutions by enhancing high flexibility, scalability, security and performance. In this paper, Proxmox VE and XenServer as most popular type 1 open source based hypervisors are discussed and their functionalities compared. This comparative analysis has focused on hypervisor strengths on virtual resource allocation, virtualization approach supported, server architectures, number of virtual machines, operating system compatibility for host and guest machines and management features. General findings of the study suggest high similarity in many aspects; except that for adopters to attain maximum benefits of virtualized solutions based on open source computing will depend mostly on their adoption, usage and management practices which affect performance and security of virtual machines. However, for best fit and choice of hypervisor, adopter’s virtualization requirements, organization size, personnel skills and computing workloads should be considered in advance.

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Harshitha, Dr. K N Shreenath

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are vital apparatus for checking the discrete remote situations. As one of the key innovations engaged with WSNs, fault recognition is a basic in most WSN applications. Wireless sensor networks are self-organized networks that regularly comprise of an expansive number of sensing devices with severely restricted processing, storage and communication capabilities and limited energy supply. Wireless Sensor Networks are normally fault- prone and the reliability of WSN is influenced by faults that may occur, because of different reasons such as malfunctioning hardware and software glitches, separation or natural reasons. The primary point of this paper is to consider a variety of approaches of fault detection techniques in WSNs and its impending predictions. To accomplish this point, we reviewed many existing approaches and providing a broad outline of fault detection and fault tolerance in WSNs. At last, in this paper, the summary of existing fault detection techniques is given and furthermore examination is made to help sensor applications.

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Sudewi

One part of the plant that can be used as a natural hair dye is the bananas of the heart petal (Musa balbisiana Colla.) which produces brown pigments. Traditionally this banana heart petal is used as a cooking ingredient. The bananas of the stone contain alkaloids, steroids / triterpenoid compounds, tannins, flavonoids glycosity. The purpose of this study is to know that the bananas of the heart of the pisang stone in the form of ethanol extract can be formulated in dye hair dye preparations which in particular concentration can change the color of gray hair to black and does not irritate the skin. This study was conducted using experimental method using heartbeat material (Musa balbisiana Colla). Extract obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol solvent. Screening of phytochemicals on test material. Testing materials of ethanol extract of pisang stone heart were studied in various concentrations, ie 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, with the addition of auxiliary materials such as pirogalol, copper (II) sulphatee, and xanthan gum respectively 2% using aquades solvents. Each concentration was carried out by 100 shea soaking for 1-4 hours. Observations were performed by washing 20 times and exposure to sunlight for 5 hours on gray hairs and irritation test. The results showed that the stone bananas (Musa balbisiana Colla.) In the form of ethanol extract can be formulated in the dye hair dye preparation. The results of the phytochemical screening show that the true test material contains alkaloids, steroids / triterpenoid, tannin, flavonoid glycosity. The higher concentration of gray hair dyes in the preparation of ethanol extract of bananas heart petals, the gray hair color changes being examined becomes increasingly black. The best results were obtained in Formula C (40% banana heart ethanol extract, 2% pirogalol, 2% copper (II) sulphate and xanthan gum2%) which can change the color of gray hair to black. The result of stability test by washing method showed no color change after 20 times washing. The result of stability test with exposure in the sun for 5 hours showed no color change and the result of irritation test against volunteers did not show any irritation in the skin.

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Hegazy Zaher, Nissrine Barrak

this paper proposes an alternative differential evolution algorithm for solving unconstrained optimization problems. The performance of the given algorithm is measured by the result of 15 benchmarking problems the obtained results are competent in both accuracy and CPU time. The results obtained using the proposed algorithm are more accurate and use less number of function’s evaluations compared with several algorithms.

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Tagor Alamsyah Harahap, Asep Saefuddin, Etty Riani, Bambang Indriyanto

Clean and healthy lifestyle is an important thing for student. Healthy environment can encourage study activity in school. School environment is prominent factors for the formation of students habits. This research is aimed to see clean school healthy effect on student’s clean lifestyle behavior in junior and senior high school in Indonesia. Secondary data from Healthy School Competition were the used for analysis. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to analyse the data. Based on SEM it was found that clean school significantly affect student’s clean lifestyle behavior. The analysis also show that considering teacher’s behavior into SEM analysis, the effects of clean school environments are even stronger.

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Nwafor, C. Gideon, Nwafor, O. Michelle

Open pit design and scheduling problem is a large-scale optimization problem that has attracted considerable attention during the last 45 years. With development of the mining model, a pit design tool that facilitates the best overall theoretical cash flow mining sequence through the deposit could be applied. The mine design tool is referred to in the mining industry as "Optimizer" and is based on algorithm developed by Learchs and Grossman. The development of the "know-how" to improve economics of open pit mining projects through the use of mathematical optimization techniques goes back to early 1960's. Unfortunately, up until recently, many of these "optimizing algorithms" could not be implemented due to the limited capacity of the computer hardware used in many mining operations. During the last 15 years, advancements in the computer hardware technology along with developments in software technology allowed open pit mines to have powerful desktop computers that can solve complex optimization problems on site. Western Goldfield Group Nigeria has implemented an optimization and scheduling of its coal mine using Minex Open Pit Optimizer Programme (MOPOP) to schedule their entire mine and production, resulting in significant process cost savings. This paper outlines open pit optimization techniques that were utilized in mine planning of Okobo Coal Reserve, Located in Enjema District of Ankpa Local Government Area, Kogi State, Nigeria, as a strategy to improve the economics of the open pit mining projects.

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Dr. Yohannes Johny Soetikno

This study analyzed the influence of leadership style on the effectiveness of the work of the Office of Environmental Officer of Takalar Regency. This research uses quantitative descriptive approach. The population in this research is all employees of Environmental Office of Takalar Regency which amount to 36 percussion, the sample in this research is taking all the existing population amount. The method used in data analysis is Multiple Regression using SPSS. The result of the analysis shows that the leadership style has an effect on the effectiveness of employee's work.

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Helna Wardhana, Yohanes Suyanto, Sigit Priyanta

There are two approaches to view-based query processing, called query rewriting and query answering. Query rewriting is one of the most important reasoning techniques for answering queries on data represented utilizing ontologies or ontology-based data access applications. The last years a wide variety of query rewriting systems has been proposed, including the research about ontology change. In this paper, we present the discussion of the utilization of query rewriting on ontology change. We divide the use of query rewriting in this paper into 3 parts i.e. proposing a new algorithm, research development in Description Logics (DL) family and complexity of conjunctive query. Furthermore, we also present a brief description of the advantages and disadvantages of using query rewriting algorithm only on 3 types of ontology, ontology contraction, ontology evolution and ontology change. Finally, we show the list of query rewriting algorithm publication based on their approaches.

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117-124  



Bakar Djibat

This study aims to analyze value internalization as an effort to develop education in North Maluku through Hapolas tradition. This is a qualitative research using a descriptive approach which is intended to explore and clarify the phenomenon of Hapolas in North Maluku province, especially South Halmahera regency, by describing a number of variables related to this problem. The research phenomenon is the effort of society to develop education through togetherness, kinship, cohesiveness, and cooperation, according to the philosophy of Hapolas tradition. The phenomenon is then implemented in social life so it is always sustainable and still implemented by every generation in the future. This research is not intended to test a particular hypothesis, but only describes the phenomenon as mentioned above, this is in line with the approach chosen by the author is qualitative where the author is not limited by a certain measuring instrument. Research data was collected through observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and documentation techniques. The data were analyzed using continuous interactive qualitative analysis technique. This research finding that developing more advanced education in North Maluku Province especially in South Halmahera regency is to internalize the values of togetherness, kinship, cohesiveness, and cooperation, as conceived in Hapolas tradition implementation.

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Karaputugala P.N, Edirisinghe E.S.C, Fonseka D.L.C, Samarasinghe W.L.G

Ex-situ conservation of the Citrus has been considered as problematic and early reports have found that Citrus was a sub orthodox species and cannot be stored at low temperature. Field genebanks are difficult to maintain due to pest, disease and climate hazards. In-vitro culture methods also provide only short-term storage but this is difficult and time-consuming. For a long-term storage of plant germplasm, cryopreservation is currently the best option. Therefore a cryopreservation protocol needed to be developed to conserve Citrus germplasm for long-term. 2, 3, 5-Triphenyl tetrazolium (TTC) test was used for an assessment of cell survival after cryopreservation at 490nm. The shoot tips were encapsulated and osmoprotectant on a shaker at 100 rpm with two sucrose concentrations (0.5M & 0.75M). Subsequently, encapsulated beads were dehydrated under laminar air flow and silica gel for 6 hours. The encapsulated beads were plunged directly into liquid nitrogen for a minimum of 48 hours. Encapsulated beads were thawed at 400C for 2 minutes and rehydrated using liquid MS for 10 minutes. The beads were transferred to re-culture media optimized in experiment 2. Then cultures were kept in dark for 2 days and 1 day in semi light condition to avoid photo-oxidative stress. High viability could be seen when used mature shoots & encapsulated using 4% sodium alginate. The best condition for the encapsulation-dehydration of Citrus aurantium was obtained when beads were pretreated with the osmoprotection medium for 20 hours and dehydrated for 6 hours. Beads were pretreated with 0.75M sucrose and dehydrated under laminar air flow recorded the maximum survival (21.6%). MS medium supplemented with 2mg/l BAP was used as a re-culture medium with 56.5% survival. Finally, beads were pretreated with 0.75M sucrose and dehydrated under laminar air flow method was appropriate to cryopreservation of Citrus aurantium within the tested range.

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Elliot Mbunge, Talent Rugube

This paper was focusing on the designing of a robust and scalable four factor authentication architecture to enhance security for electronic transactions. Mobile device are vulnerable to several security threats especially when purchasing good and services online. Currently, some banking institutions and e-commerce websites use two factor authentication to verify and validate customers when making online payments. Two factor authentication is regarded as the weakest authentication method. Mobile devices users are vulnerable to online mobile fraudulent activities due to several factors. The researchers designed a four factor security architecture to mitigate security threats because security is vital when making online transactions.

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